Subspecies, varieties, forms and cultivars of plants belonging to the Euphorbia milii group

• Euphorbia milii Des Moul.: is a semi-prostrate shrub to ca. 1.5-1.8 m tall. Stems ca.1 cm in diameter. Leaves obovate ca 1.5-2 cm broad, margins entire. Spines 1-2(-3) cm long. Cyathophylls brilliant red.
• Euphorbia milii var. bevilaniensis (Croizat) Ursch & Leandri: has inverted triangular leaves, shoots about 5 mm in diameter and up to 1 cm long thorns. Distribution: Southern Madagascar (between Anosy and Adroy District) on gneiss rocks.
• Euphorbia milii var. hislopii (N.E.Br.) Ursch & Leandri: is sturdy robust plant, up to 2 m tall. Stems erect sparsely branched, ca. 2 cm thick; leaves to c. 12 × 3 cm, lanceolate, cyathophylls, and both red and yellow. Distribution: Central Madagascar. Known only in culture (as a hedge plant).
• Euphorbia milii var. imperatae (Leandri) Ursch & Leandri: forms small shrubs (up to 50 cm large) with only 5 mm thick branches, leaves ovate, to 10-7 cm. Inflorescence short only 1-or 2- flowered. Cyathophylls yellow, tending to fade to a slightly pink tint. Distribution: Eastern Madagascar in coastal forests.
  
• Euphorbia milii var. longifolia Rauh: ha basally branching branches up to 2 cm thick, leaves lineaar to 20x1 cm, cyathophylls large and yellow. Distributiom: Central Madagascar on granite rocks. and differs mainly by
  
• Euphorbia milii f. lutea Leandri: has small, variably yellow flowers, up to 1.2 cm broad.
• Euphorbia milii var. roseana Marn.-Lap.: has upright branches, leaves lanceolate, to 9 x 2.5 cm, inflorescences bifurcate, cyathophylls whitish yellow. Central southern Madagascar (Sakaraha) in forests.
• Euphorbia milii var. splendens (Bojer ex Hook.) Ursch & Leandri: forms larger shrubs (up to 2 m tall ). stems sprawling with spreading branches, ca. 1 cm thick; bright green leaves to ca. 6 × 2 cm, ovate. Spines basally compressed and sometimes yellow cyathophylls. Distribution: Central Madagascar.
• Euphorbia milii var. tananarivae (Leandri) Ursch & Leandri: forms large shrubs up to 2 m, to 3 cm thick branches and up to 8 × 10 mm yellow, red-rimmed cyathophylls. Distribution: Central Madagascar. Known only in culture (as a hedge plant).
• Euphorbia milii var. tenuispina Rauh & Razaf.: has very slender spines thickened and bulbous at the base. Distribution: Southern Madagascar (in the mountains around Ihosy and Isalo ).
• Euphorbia milii var. tulearensis Ursch & Leandri: has smaller, up to 1 cm long thorns and bright red cyathophylls. Distribution: South-western Madagascar (at Toliara).
• Euphorbia milii var. vulcani Leandri: has bluish-green, to 20 × 5 cm large leaves, spines about 1 cm long, arranged in ten rows. Inflorescences long, four times bifurcated. Central to southern Madagascar (between Betafo and Ambatofinandrahana).
• Euphorbia milii cv. antafikiensis: has yellow-white cyathophylls with green cyathia, and dark green leaves. It is known in cultivation only.