Origin and Habitat: Eastern Uganda and western Kenya.
Altitude: 550-1600 meters.
Habitat: It grows on rocky slopes on sandy/stony soils among grasses and sparse deciduous bushes and small trees.

• Euphorbia heterospina S.Carter

• Euphorbia heterospina S.Carter
• Euphorbia heterospina f. cristata hort.

Description: Euphorbia heterospinaSN|15260]]SN|15260]] is a slim-stemmed succulent shrub erect to subscandent up to 3,5 m tall, quite untidy and laxly branched. The peculiar feature of this species are the spines that varies in size and are longer on the lower part of the stems and progressively shorter at the summit of the plant, hence the specific epithet “heterospina” (different spine)
Branches: Viny, 4-5 angled, 1-2 cm thick, mid-green, with slight variegation, slightly constricted at irregular intervals into segments 20-60 cm long, angles with shallow teeth 0,5-3 cm apart. As the plants get larger tend to become untidy and may need the support of surrounding vegetation, or branches fall off.
Spineshields: Oblong, joined in a continuous horny margin, 1-3 mm wide on older Branches.
Spines: Varying in size, up to 1 cm at plant base, progressively shorter above approx.1-1,5 mm long.
Stipular spines: Up to 1 mm.
Inflorescences: Cymes solitary, simple one forked; peduncles 1-3 mm long. Cyathia 5 mm in diameter, yellow to reddish with crimson undersides; nectar glands oblong, touching.
Fruits: Deeply lobed, approximatively 3,5 mm long and 6 mm broad. Green becoming reddish at maturity. Pedicel up to 6 mm, slightly recurved.
Seeds: Subglobose, approximatively 2 mm in diameter, slightly tuberculate.

Bibliography: Major references and further lectures
1) Urs Eggli “Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants: Dicotyledons” Volume 2. Springer, 2002
2) Henk Beentje, Joy Adamson, Dhan Bhanderi “Kenya trees, shrubs, and lianas” National Museums of Kenya, 1994
3) Susan Carter Holmes “Euphorbia heterospina” Kew Bulletin 42: 389. 1987
4) Gabriëlla Harriët Schmelzer “Medicinal plants” 2008 ISBN: 9057822040

Cultivation and Propagation: Euphorbia heterospinaSN|15260]]SN|15260]] is seldom cultivated as an ornamental but easy to grow and suited for any well drained soil in half or full sun.
Growth rate: It is a relatively fast growing species, but it it possible to increase the speed of growth to some extent by providing adequate amount of water, warmth, and fertilizer during the active growing season, but it’s susceptible to rotting if too wet and do not like a lot of water when it is on rest.
Soil and pots: It likes pots with generous drain holes, needs a very airy potting medium which mainly consists of non organic material such us clay, pumice, lava grit, and only a little peat or leaf-mould.
Fertilization: Need a perfect fertilizer diet in summer. Use preferably a cacti and succulents fertilizer with high potassium content including all micro nutrients and trace elements or slow release fertilizer.
Exposure: This plant has an excellent heat tolerance, and need light shade exposures, it grows well even in full blasting sun, but tolerate moderate shade, and a plant that has been growing in shade should be slowly hardened off before placing it in full sun as the plant will be severely scorched if moved too suddenly from shade into sun. The colour of this plant is much more marked if grown in full sun.
Watering: Water regularly during the active growing season. No water should ever be allowed to stand around the roots. Keep almost completely dry in winter. However this spurge will tolerate dryness and can even thrives in poor, dry soils, but do better when grown in nutrient-rich soils with regular watering.
Hardiness: Tender. This spurge cannot tolerate any frost and can be difficult to get it to look its best without a good amount of heat and sun and so it is only really suited to the tropics. It can be grown outdoors in frost-free climates.
Rot: Rot it is only a minor problem with Euphorbias if the plants are watered and “aired” correctly. If they are not, fungicides won't help all that much.
Maintenance: Re-pot every two years and trim off the dead 'arms'. After growing for several years this plant become untidy and may need support as it get larger, or branches fall off. If too long it should be cut very short or restarted from cuttings.
Traditional medicine: The boiled stem is drunk with soup or milk to treat diarrhoea.
Known hazards: The latex/sap is poisonous and can cause skin rash, itching and general discomfort, and they should be handled with caution, particularly when pruning.
Propagation: The plant can be reproduced by seeds or cuttings. The plant may be propagated by branch cuttings. If you remove an offset, remember to let it dry for some days, letting the wound heal (cuttings planted too soon easily rot before they can grow roots). Lay it on the soil and insert the stem end partially into the substrate. Try to keep the cutting somewhat upright so that the roots are able to grow downward. It is better to wash the cut to remove the latex.