Origin and Habitat: North-Central Valley of Chile, from Curico to Puenta Colorado.
Habitat: Chilean matorral in the upper hill-slopes that flank the higher Andes. The climate in this area is similar to that of the Southern Californian chaparral.

• Echinopsis chiloensis var. zizkaana (K.Schum.)
• Cereus chilensis var. zizkaanus K.Schum.
• Cereus chiloensis var. zizkaanus K.Schum.
• Cereus zizkaanus hort. ex Schelle
• Trichocereus chiloensis var. zizkaanus (K.Schum.) Borg

• Echinopsis chiloensis (Colla) H.Friedrich & G.D.Rowley
• Cactus chiloensis Colla
• Cereus chiloensis (Colla) DC.
• Cereus coquimbanus DC.
• Cereus quintero Pfeiff.
• Echinocereus chiloensis (Colla) Console & Lem.
• Trichocereus chiloensis (Colla) Britton & Rose
• Trichocereus chiloensis var. polygonus (Salm-Dyck) Borg
• Trichocereus lucernatus hort.
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. australis (F.Ritter)
• Trichocereus chiloensis var. australis F.Ritter
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. borealis (F.Ritter)
• Trichocereus chilensis var. borealis F.Ritter
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. brevispinula (Salm-Dyck)
• Cereus chiloensis var. brevispinulus Salm-Dyck
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. conjungens (F.Ritter)
• Trichocereus chilensis var. conjungens F.Ritter
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. eburnea (Phil. ex K.Schum.) H.Friedrich & G.D.Rowley
• Cereus chilensis f. eburneus (Phil. ex K.Schum.) Schelle
• Cereus chiloensis var. eburneus (Phil. ex K.Schum.) K.Schum.
• Eulychnia eburnea Phil. ex K.Schum.
• Trichocereus chiloensis var. eburneus (Phil. ex K.Schum.) Borg
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. flavescens (Salm-Dyck)
• Cereus chiloensis var. flavescens Salm-Dyck
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. fulvibarbis (Otto)
• Cereus chiloensis var. fulvibarbis (Otto) Salm-Dyck
• Cereus fulvibarbis Otto & A.Dietr.
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. funkiana (J.Rémy)
• Cereus chiloensis var. funkianus Borg ex K.Schum.
• Cereus funkii K.Schum.
• Trichocereus chiloensis var. funkii (K.Schum.) Borg
• Trichocereus funkii (K.Schum.) A.Berger
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. heteromorphus (K.Schum.)
• Cereus chiloensis var. heteromorphus K.Schum.
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. panhoplites (K.Schum.)
• Cereus chiloensis var. panhoplites K.Schum.
• Cereus panoplaeatus Cels ex Salm-Dyck
• Trichocereus chiloensis var. panhoplites (K.Schum.) Borg
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. polygona (Salm-Dyck)
• Cereus chiloensis var. polygonus (Salm-Dyck) K.Schum.
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. poselgeri (K.Schum.)
• Cereus chiloensis var. poselgeri K.Schum.
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. pycnacantha (Salm-Dyck)
• Cereus chiloensis var. pycnacanthus (Salm-Dyck) K.Schum.
• Cereus pycnacanthus Salm-Dyck
• Trichocereus chiloensis var. pycnacanthus (Salm-Dyck) Borg
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. quisco (J.Rémy)
• Cereus chilensis var. quisco (J.Rémy in Gay) F.A.C.Weber ex Hirscht
• Cereus chiloensis var. quisco (J.Rémy) F.A.C.Weber ex Hirscht
• Cereus quisco Remy in Gay
• Trichocereus chiloensis var. quisco (J.Rémy) Borg ex Hirscht
• Echinopsis chiloensis var. zizkaana (K.Schum.)
• Cereus chilensis var. zizkaanus K.Schum.
• Cereus chiloensis var. zizkaanus K.Schum.
• Cereus zizkaanus hort. ex Schelle
• Trichocereus chiloensis var. zizkaanus (K.Schum.) Borg

• Echinopsis chiloensis subs. litoralis (Johow) M.Lowry
• Cereus litoralis Johow
• Echinopsis litoralis (Johow) H.Friedrich & G.D.Rowley
• Trichocereus chiloensis subs. litoralis (Johow) Faúndez
• Trichocereus litoralis (Johow) Looser

• Echinopsis chiloensis subs. skottsbergii (Backeb. ex Skottsb.) G.J.Charles
• Echinopsis skottsbergii (Backeb.) H.Friedrich & G.D.Rowley
• Trichocereus skottsbergii Backeb. ex Skottsb.
• Echinopsis skottsbergii var. breviata (Backeb.) H.Friedrich & G.D.Rowley
• Trichocereus skottsbergii var. breviatus Backeb.

Description: Growth Habits: T. chiloensis is a fiercely spiny cactus. It develops into a shrub or small tree.
Stem: Rarely single, usually of several branches, sometimes of many, arising from near the base, starting nearly at right angles to the main trunk but soon erect, up to 8 m tall, stems 10-12.5 cm in diameter ; 10 to 17 low and broad ribs, separated by narrow intervals, divided into large tubercles even when fully mature.
Areoles/Spines: Areoles large whitish, 2 cm apart. Spines yellowish with brown tips, at least when young, greyish later; 1 to 4 centrals, porrect, often stout, 5-7 cm (or even 12 cm); 8 to 12 radials, up to 4 cm long.
Flowers: Nocturnal 14 cm. long, outer perianth-segments white but tinged with red or brown; inner perianth-segments white, acuminate.

Notes: The original name for this cactus was Trichocereus chiloensisSN|8255]]SN|7744]]. In 1950, Skottsberg pointed that the name was misspelled, and was changed to "chilensis" for "Chile"+"ensis". The rules of nomenclature now, give priority to the original name, misspelling included, except if the name was changed by the original author. Thus, Friedrich & Rowley retained chiloensis when they included the genus Trichocereus into the genus Echinopsis.
This species is occasionally confused with Trichocereus litoralisSN|7744]]SN|8255]].

Cultivation and Propagation: Trichocereus chiloensisSN|7744]]SN|7744]] is very easy to grow and cold hardy as low as -12°C (or less). Need a fertile, well drained soil mix. Water the plants well and allow them to dry before watering again. This species seems to do better with a little more water than most cacti. In fact, its cultivation requirements are really more like 'normal' plants than most other cacti. During the growing season fertilize them monthly with a balanced fertilizer
Sun Exposure: Outside full sun, inside needs bright light, and some direct sun. During winter month, put them in a cool luminous place and encourage them to enter winter dormancy by withholding water and fertiliser over the winter as they will etiolate, or become thin, due to lower levels of light. They are susceptible to fungal diseases if overwatered, but are not nearly as sensitive as many other cacti, especially in warm weather. They tend characteristically towards black rotted spots unless watering is moderate and only in hot weather, if kept damp through cold periods, they will invariably suffer.
Trichocereus chiloensisSN|7744]]SN|7744]] produces noticeable amounts of growth each year if kept well fed and watered throughout the warmest months, particularly if it has been acclimatised to accept full sun. Once this cactus is established it can easily produce 20cm of growth every year.

Propagation:: Cutting or from seed. The seeds are quite easy to germinate and grow. Their main requirements consist of high humidity levels, free-draining soil mix, and enough water, light, and nutrition