Subspecies, varieties, forms and cultivars of plants belonging to the Cleistocactus baumannii group

• Cleistocactus baumannii (Lem.) Lem.: (subsp. baumannii) has 15-20 radial spines and red flowers. Distribution:Northeastern Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
• Cleistocactus baumannii subs. anguinus (Gürke) P.J.Braun & Esteves: decumbent with 10-11 radial spines and yellow-orange or orange-red flowers. Distribution: Paraguay.
• Cleistocactus baumannii subs. chacoanus (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves: has more erect shoots, with less ribs, 12-15 radial spines and shorter bilaterally symmetrical flowers, usually red. Distribution: Gran Chaco region of Bolivia.
• Cleistocactus baumannii subs. croceiflorus (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves: has 8-12 radial spines and yellow flowers. Distribution: Puerto Casado, Alto Paraguay department, Paraguay.
• Cleistocactus baumannii subs. horstii (P.J.Braun) N.P.Taylor: has 11-15 radial spines and bilaterally symmetrical flowers, orange-red. Distribution: Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
• Cleistocactus baumannii var. paraguariensis (F.Ritter) P.J.Braun & Esteves: 12-15, yellow to reddish yellow with darker tips, and 4-5, reddish brown centrals. Distribution: Paraguari department, Paraguay.
• Cleistocactus baumannii subs. santacruzensis (Backeb.) Mottram: has fewer but more elevated ribs, only about 10 radial spines and red flowers (perhaps the same as subsp. anguinus), Anthers barely protruding. Distribution: Santa Cruz, Bolivia.
• Cleistocactus bruneispinus Backeb.: has brown spines. Distribution Cochabamba, Bolivia.
• Cleistocactus margaritanus hort.: has dense yellowish bristly soft spines and orange-red S-shaped blooms, and seems related to subs. chacoanus. Distribution: Margarita, Tarija, Bolivia
• Cleistocactus margaritanus f. cristatus hort.: crested form.