Origin and Habitat: NW Argentina ( Salta y Jujuy, at about 2000 m), Western Bolivia (departement of Oruro. Chuquisca: N Camargo, at about 3000 m) NE Chile: Región I: Altiplano of Tarapacá Province of Iquique 3.700 y 4.000 m.Habitat: : Growing from fissures in the rocks and on gravely outcrop mainly on volcanic substrates but also in other stone formation from 1800 to 4000 m of altitude, mostly on N, NE and E faced slopes with 10 to 30% of inclination in open areas or under scrubs.

• Echinopsis longispina (Britton & Rose) Werderm.
• Furiolobivia longispina (Britton & Rose) Y.Itô
• Lobivia longispina Britton & Rose
• Pseudolobivia longispina (Britton & Rose) Backeb. ex Krainz

• Echinopsis ferox (Britton & Rose) Backeb.
• Furiolobivia ferox (Britton & Rose) Y.Itô
• Lobivia ferox Britton & Rose
• Pseudolobivia ferox (Britton & Rose) Backeb.
• Echinopsis backebergiana (Y.Itô)
• Lobivia backebergiana Y.Itô
• Echinopsis ducis-pauli C.F.Först.
• Furiolobivia ducis-pauli (J.R.Forst.) Y.Itô
• Lobivia ducis-pauli (C.F.Först.) Borg
• Echinopsis ferox f. aureolilacina (Cárdenas) nov. comb. ined.
• Lobivia aureolilacina Cárdenas
• Lobivia ferox f. aureolilacina (Cárdenas) J.Ullmann
• Echinopsis ferox f. camargensis (F.Ritter) nov. comb. ined.
• Lobivia ferox var. camargensis F.Ritter
• Lobivia ferox f. camargensis (F.Ritter) J.Ullmann
• Echinopsis ferox f. claeysiana (Backeb.) nov. comb. ined.
• Lobivia claeysiana Backeb.
• Lobivia ferox f. claeysiana (Backeb.) J.Ullmann
• Echinopsis ferox f. pictiflorea (F.Ritter) nov. comb. ined.
• Lobivia ferox f. pictiflorea (F.Ritter) J.Ullmann
• Lobivia pictiflora F.Ritter
• Echinopsis ferox subs. potosina (Werderm.) M.Lowry
• Echinopsis ferox var. potosina (Werderm.) Rausch
• Echinopsis potosina Werderm.
• Furiolobivia potosina (Werderm.) Y.Itô
• Lobivia potosina (Werderm.) Friedrich
• Pseudolobivia potosina (Werderm.) Backeb. ex Krainz
• Echinopsis ferox f. variispina (F.Ritter) nov. comb. ined.
• Lobivia ferox f. variispina (F.Ritter) J.Ullmann
• Lobivia variispina F.Ritter
• Echinopsis ferox var. wilkeae (Backeb.) nov. comb. ined.
• Lobivia ferox f. wilkeae (Backeb.) J.Ullmann
• Lobivia wilkeae (Backeb.) Friedrich
• Pseudolobivia wilkeae Backeb.
• Echinopsis hastifera (Werderm.) nov. comb. ined.
• Lobivia hastifera Werderm.
• Echinopsis horrida (F.Ritter) nov. comb. ined.
• Lobivia horrida F.Ritter
• Echinopsis lecoriensis Cárdenas
• Lobivia ferox f. lecoriensis (Cárdenas) J.Ullmann
• Pseudolobivia lecoriensis (Cárdenas) Backeb.
• Echinopsis longispina (Britton & Rose) Werderm.
• Furiolobivia longispina (Britton & Rose) Y.Itô
• Lobivia longispina Britton & Rose
• Pseudolobivia longispina (Britton & Rose) Backeb. ex Krainz
• Echinopsis pachyacantha (Y.Itô) nov. comb. ined.
• Lobivia pachyacantha Y.Itô

Description: Very large and spiny cactus, solitary or branched. The body is almost concealed by the spines.
Stem: Bluish-green, spherical at first and later sort cylindrical, and may grow 25 cm tall and 10-40 cm in diameter.
Ribs: 25 to 50 ribs deeply incised between the tubercles, which are approx. 2 cm long.
Spines: Radials are hard to tell from the central spines. Each areole bears approx 4 to 15 spines ranging from slender to thick, conical with a wider base, and irregular in length, the longest up to 8 cm or more. They are flexible and slightly curved upward to almost straight. Their colour varies from yellowish to brown when young but later grey.
Flowers: Lateral or basal, 7-10 cm. long, funnel-shaped, and have a slender, curved tube covered with long white hairs. Perianth segments are short usually creamy-white but can be of almost any colour.
Fruit: Globular, dark green with flowers remnants.
Remarks: The fruit has a whitish mucilaginous pulp and is edible with a fresh and agreeable taste

Bibliography: Major references and further lectures
1) N. L. Britton, J. N. Rose: “The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family.” Vol I, The Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington 1919
2) Edward Anderson “The Cactus family” Timber Press, Incorporated, 2001
3) James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey "The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated in Europe, Both Out-of-Doors and Under Glass" Cambridge University Press, 11/Aug/2011
4) David R Hunt; Nigel P Taylor; Graham Charles; International Cactaceae Systematics Group. "The New Cactus Lexicon" dh books, 2006
5) Curt Backeberg “Die Cactaceae: Handbuch der Kakteenkunde,” Volume 2 G. Fischer, 1959
6) Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton “Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names.” Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg 2010
7) Gordon Douglas Rowley “Reunion of the genus Echinopsis.” In: IOS Bulletin. Journal of the International Organization for Succulent Plant Study. 3(3): 98, 1974.
8) Lowry, M., Demaio, P. & Faundez, L. 2013. Echinopsis ferox. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 04 May 2015.

Cultivation and Propagation: It is a summer grower species that offers no cultivation difficulties. Water regularly in summer (but do not overwater ) needs good drainage and very porous, keep rather dry in winter. Feed with a high potassium fertilizer in summer. It is quite frost resistant if kept dry (hardy to -12° C) Need a very bright exposure, full sun is indispensable to keep plant compact with strong spines.
Propagation: Direct sow after last frost, offsets (if available)